“Popular Mechanics” by Raymond Carver Essay Sample free essay sample

In the short narrative. â€Å"Popular Mechanics† . Raymond Carver blends a assortment of literary elements which amplify the tone. The tone is both endangering and somber. exchanging back and Forth until eventually blending together in the concluding paragraphs. Syntax plays possibly the most important function in the flow of the narrative. The sentence structure is peculiarly interesting because the conversation between the two chief characters has perfectly no citation Markss. The deficiency of the citation marks instigates a faster gait in which the audience reads the duologue. The sentence structure generates the shift tones by making a heated-versus-calm struggle throughout the narrative. The reader can state the adult female is angry from the repetitive usage of exclaiming points. whereas the adult male in the narrative appears unagitated because he merely uses periods. The reader can do several premises about the relationship between the two characters through sentence structure every bit good. The adult female is evidently angry at the adult male and the fact that he is the one wadding makes it easy assumed that he wronged her. We will write a custom essay sample on â€Å"Popular Mechanics† by Raymond Carver Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The adult male is besides really demanding in the relationship. which is exemplified when he states. â€Å"I want the babe. † He besides is much less compassionate towards the babe as he is non concerned with the fact that he is wounding the kid while seeking to take it from the female parent. His full character seems endangering despite him talking calmly. The unison of a threatening-calm tone is shown in the concluding sentence. On a topic which brings great concern. the storyteller merely and calmly provinces. â€Å"in this mode. the issue was decided. † It is dry how creepy composure can go through sentence structure.

Free Essays on Critical Analysis Of Ethan Frome

Loveless Winters: A Book Review of Ethan Frome â€Å"Guess he’s been in Starkfield too many winters. Most of the smart one’s get away† (2). Winters are tragic for the people who live in Starkfield, Massachusetts. In Edith Wharton’s novel Ethan Frome, winter is personified as an evil that traps citizens into the dark and gloomy wintry Starkfield. Life is non-existent in Starkfield when winter arrives. Life is particularly non-existent for the poor man named Ethan Frome whose life seems to be a long winter season. Edith Wharton begins this tragic tale of heartbreak and loneliness by introducing a â€Å"bleak and unapproachable† (1) Frome. An inquisitive guest, a man who remains nameless throughout the novel, is captivated by the look of loneliness and regret that dwells in the eyes and demeanor of Ethan. The guest learns of Ethan’s troublesome past through a flashback of events that take place in the dead of winter. â€Å"Sickness and trouble: that’s what Ethan’s had his plate full up with, ever since the very first helping† (5). The guest learns of how Ethan’s father becomes injured working on the farm. He consequently dies leaving Ethan and his sickly mother penniless. Meanwhile, a cousin of Ethan’s named Zenobia (Zeena) comes to the farm to assist Ethan with taking care of his dying mother. Soon after the death of Ethan’s mother, Ethan feels that he is obligated to Zeena, so he regrettably marries her. Zeena ultimately â€Å"fell silent† (30) and only talked to â€Å"complain of things not in his (Ethan) power to remedy† (30). They live together for several years in a relationship that is arctic, unfriendly, and quiet just like the winters that plague the town. Because she had taken care of Ethan’s mother, Zeena becomes or thinks that she is ill within a year of being married to Ethan. Ethan and the town people believe that Zeena fabricates her sicknesses: â€Å"Zeena had always been what Starkfield called ï ¿ ½... Free Essays on Critical Analysis Of Ethan Frome Free Essays on Critical Analysis Of Ethan Frome Loveless Winters: A Book Review of Ethan Frome â€Å"Guess he’s been in Starkfield too many winters. Most of the smart one’s get away† (2). Winters are tragic for the people who live in Starkfield, Massachusetts. In Edith Wharton’s novel Ethan Frome, winter is personified as an evil that traps citizens into the dark and gloomy wintry Starkfield. Life is non-existent in Starkfield when winter arrives. Life is particularly non-existent for the poor man named Ethan Frome whose life seems to be a long winter season. Edith Wharton begins this tragic tale of heartbreak and loneliness by introducing a â€Å"bleak and unapproachable† (1) Frome. An inquisitive guest, a man who remains nameless throughout the novel, is captivated by the look of loneliness and regret that dwells in the eyes and demeanor of Ethan. The guest learns of Ethan’s troublesome past through a flashback of events that take place in the dead of winter. â€Å"Sickness and trouble: that’s what Ethan’s had his plate full up with, ever since the very first helping† (5). The guest learns of how Ethan’s father becomes injured working on the farm. He consequently dies leaving Ethan and his sickly mother penniless. Meanwhile, a cousin of Ethan’s named Zenobia (Zeena) comes to the farm to assist Ethan with taking care of his dying mother. Soon after the death of Ethan’s mother, Ethan feels that he is obligated to Zeena, so he regrettably marries her. Zeena ultimately â€Å"fell silent† (30) and only talked to â€Å"complain of things not in his (Ethan) power to remedy† (30). They live together for several years in a relationship that is arctic, unfriendly, and quiet just like the winters that plague the town. Because she had taken care of Ethan’s mother, Zeena becomes or thinks that she is ill within a year of being married to Ethan. Ethan and the town people believe that Zeena fabricates her sicknesses: â€Å"Zeena had always been what Starkfield called ï ¿ ½...

Rural Urban Migration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Rural Urban Migration - Essay Example Misra (1998) observes that those who migrate are often male who are young and better educated. Pull factors on the other hand, attract the population to big cities or destination area. Developed and developing countries are impacted differently by the migration pattern though some aspects are similar. The paper will discuss the push and pull factors as well as the impact of migration on areas of origin and destination DCs and LDCs. Push Factors These are unfavorable conditions in rural areas that push people to migrate to urban areas. According to Watson (2004), people move to urban areas so as to improve their lives. Many rural people depend on agriculture for survival. However, the agricultural sector is faced with many challenges such as drought, famine and floods leading to poor harvest. There are also inadequate agricultural jobs thereby pushing people to look for jobs elsewhere. Structural adjustment programs result in heavy debts for developing countries thus encouraging gover nments to displace people and offer the farms to large enterprises for production and resource extraction thereby pushing local people to move (Datta, 2003). Lack of basic social amenities and recreation facilities pushes people to big cities where such amenities are available. These include; poor education, lack of quality health care, transport and communication. Higher education is often found in big cities. People move there to have better education and enjoy better living standards (Twumasi, 1995). Lack of clean water supply, poor sanitation and drainage systems push people to get better services available in cities. Inadequate income pushes people to big cities. Varieties of occupations are found in urban areas; rural areas depend mainly in agriculture which doesn’t offer adequate income. Rural people also do not possess necessary skill to perform a job and formal employment is limited. Income is thus inadequate to feed the large families they have. Persuasion by contra ctors and agents also enhances the migration. They move with them to cities in promise of better benefits and to search for a livelihood (Misra, 19998). Pull Factors These represent the attractive attributes of big cities that pull people. The wage gap between rural and urban areas whereas wages are higher in urban areas pull migrants to the city. They have high expectations of getting a well paying job. Formal and informal jobs are also available hence they work in informal settings while awaiting formal job. Besides industries are concentrated in urban areas hence attracting the rural population (Srichar et al. 2010). Availabilities of public services and social amenities in big cities attract mass population. In big cities, there is access to education and high quality health care. There are also recreational facilities that make life in the city exciting (Birmingham, 2000). Those who travel to cities and come back to rural areas for holiday or to visit their families show signs of wealth or extravagance which makes the rural people to follow their example. They form a network whereby the extended family follows the migrant to the city to enjoy city life and its benefits. Effects of Rural-Urban Migration The movement of people from rural to urban areas of both developed (DCs) and developing countries (LDCs) has adverse effects.  

Criminal Law 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Criminal Law 2 - Essay Example A battery is when a person intentionally and recklessly applies unlawful force to another2. Section 39 assaults are dealt with as a summary offence and carry a maximum of six months imprisonment. This can include a fine of up to  £5,000 or the sentence can be replaced by a fine on its own. On some occasions a common assault can be counted as an indictment if the requirements laid down by section 40 of the Criminal Justice Act 1988 are met. If the courts are satisfied that the assault fits the criteria for a battery then the correct charge would be assault by beating3. The difference between a section 39 assault and a section 474 assault is in the degree of injury that results from the attack. In terms of sentencing the courts can issue higher sentences for a section 47 assault. The Code for Crown Prosecutors is aware that there will be factors that will influence the decision whether to charge at the highest level or whether a lesser charge is more appropriate. In general terms grazes, scratches, abrasions and minor bruising as well as swellings, reddening of the skin, superficial cuts and a black eye will fall under the remit of a section 39 assault. When the prosecutors are deciding on the charge they will consider the degree of injury first. There are also a few cases where the degree of injury would usually amount to a common assault but because there are aggravating features to the attack the more serious charge may be appropriate. Aggravating features can include the use of a weapon, biting, gouging or kicking of a victim whilst on the grou nd, or strangulation which is for more than a fleeting moment and which caused rea; fear to the victim. Other aggravating features can include the vulnerability of the victim such as the age of the victim or any disability the victim might have. The Domestic Violence, Crime and Disorder Act 2004 s11 makes common assault an alternative to more serious offences of assault even if the count has not been

Directional Driller Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Directional Driller - Research Paper Example A directional driller performs a series of tasks that relatively depend on the employer’s objectives. One of the main responsibilities of a directional driller is giving technical assistance to clients and workgroup members at the extraction site (Gow and Gow 201). The directional driller also stays current of all directional drilling methodologies and surveying techniques. A directional driller also builds professionalism on cutting-edge proper planning methods (Horizontal Directional Drilling Design Guideline Task Committee 3). A directional driller also arranges for and offers end-of-site releases and clients’ conclusive product provision releases (Gow and Gow 201). A directional driller is in charge of overseeing inventory and provisions while remaining in contact with client site agents, gear crew, and field assistance workers. The directional driller further makes sure all reporting qualifications are reached by acting on service value events and making sure event reports are wrapped up with clients. Lastly, experienced directional drillers teach, train, and guide recruit and new directional drillers (Gow and Gow 201). The requirements for getting a directional drilling job are based on academic achievements, experience, familiarity, and communication skills. First, the applicant has to have a minimum of a two to three-year secondary program degree from a tutoring and training college. Engineering or applied science degrees in bachelor and master’s levels are more acceptable. The applicant also has to have at least five years of oil-extraction experience in directional drilling (Horizontal Directional Drilling Design Guideline Task Committee 2). The applicant has to have comprehensive knowledge in advanced drilling and charting technologies and activities. Lastly, the applicant has to be able to communicate proficiently with superiors, peers, and clients in verbal and textual

A Comparison of Different Anti-Aging Strategies

A Comparison of Different Anti-Aging Strategies As a mild exfoliating procedure, microdermabrasion (MDA) every 1 to 3 months depending on the skin type would be a good preventive anti- aging strategy. A combination of MDA with chemical peels is helpful in photoaging. MDA is always done first followed by the peel. Several studies support the efficacy of this regime for photoageing. Superficial glycolic acid peels and 5% retinoic acid have been used. MDA can also be used as a transdermal drug delivery for various topical antioxidants Amongst lasers, visible/ infrared lasers and fractional lasers have been used for facial rejuvenation. Light systems including intense pulse light systems (IPL), light emitting diodes (LED), photodynamic therapy (PDT) and infrared lights have been used for correcting colour and textural alterations. Radiofrequency ( RF), ultrasound and plasma resurfacing technologies are non-laser systems useful in tissue tightening. Various devices have been developed which combine different technologies- the combination of electrical and optical energy techniques is termed as electrical and optical synergy (ELOS). All these technologies for non- ablative facial rejuvenation have been discussed in depth in chapter 43. Microneedling with dermaroller or in combination with RF technology has shown good results for skin rejuvenation. [55,56] Hyaluronic acid, vitamins and idebenone have been used as mesosolutions for preventive and therapeutic anti-aging benefits.[ 57] These therapies are frequently used in combination therapies. Botulinum toxin is chiefly indicated for dynamic lines correction (by relaxing the facial muscles) whereas fillers is indicated for the correction of volume loss which occurs with aging. For the upper 1/3rd face, botulinum toxin is the mainstay with hyaluronic acid as a supplement. Fillers are the mainstay for mid face, whereas a combination of toxin and fillers are needed for the lower 1/3rd face. [58] Autologous fat transfer, dermal fibroblasts and platelet rich plasma is now being used for volume enhancement in patients who do not desire artificial fillers. Thread lifts with polydioxanone (PDO) threads are being commonly used for lifting up of facial sagging and is chiefly used for structural changes due to aging. It is frequently used in combination with other techniques. Combination therapy is the mainstay in management of aging face. Relax, Refill and Resurface are the three main Rs for facial rejuvenation. Combination therapy of fillers and botulinum toxin is superior and frequently used in facial rejuvenation for relaxing and refilling. This combination provides a three dimensional approach to correction of aging face. Use of chemical peels and lasers, lights and radiofrequency technologies help in effective resurfacing. A systematic approach should be adopted based on the patient needs. An algorithmic and practical approach to management of the aging face in different decades of life based on author’s experience has been outlined below. [Illustration 50.6, 50.7 and 50.8] Clinical case scenarios of aging face and the management in different age groups has been provided. [Figures 50.5 to 50.9] 25 to 35 years: Illustration 50.6 a and b / figure 50.5 Clinical scenario: Management in a 35 year old female [concerns about periorbital folds and perioral lines] Figure 50.5 Products: Sunscreens, moisturizers Procedures: Treatment of tear troughs, marionette and faint nasolabial folds with injectable HA [restylane]. Thread lifts across the angles of the mouth. 35 to 50 years – Illustration 50.7 a and b/ Figure 50.6 a and b Clinical scenario: Management In 42 year old female homemaker with PIH to acne/ textural changes Products: Sunscreens, appropriate face washes, topical adapalene, non HQ skin lightening agent twice daily along with azithromycin pulse doses Procedures: Electrocautery of DPNs, Chemical peels with glycolic, salicylic and yellow peel at 2 weekly intervals, counseled for laser rejuvenation It is important to check for volume loss begins in this decade, however different parts of the face can age at varying rates. Mid facial sag is more evident with prominent nasolabial folds in this 40 year old lady. (Figure 50.7 a) Associated diseases such as diabetes mellitus or hypothyroidism should also be looked into, since it can hasten the aging process; as seen in this obese lady with hypothyroidism. (Figure 50.7 b) 50 years onwards- Illustration 50.8 a and b ( figure 50.8 and 50.9 a and b) Clinical scenario: Management in a 60 year old male executive (Figure 50. 8) Products: Sunscreens, moisturizers, Skin lightening agents – initially the Kligman’s triple combination cream containing (HQ 2%, tretinoin 0.05 and fluocinolone) on alternate night for 2 months followed by non HQ skin lightening agents. Procedures: Chemical peels with glycolic 35 to 50%, salicylic and mandelic peels. 3 HA syringes for his tear troughs, nasolabial, marionette lines and chin fold. 6 monopolar radio frequency sittings. Clinical scenario :Management in 50 year old menopausal home maker ( Figure 50.9) Products: Sunscreens, moisturizer, Skin lightening cream with arbutin, niacinaminde, kojic and flavonoids Procedures: Electrocautery of DPNs, MDA 2 sessions, followed by chemical peels – glycolic 35 to 50%, alternately in combination with lactic, salicylic, pyruvic and tretinoin There has been tremendous advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms of aging. Knowledge about newer theories of aging and development of newer bioengineering techniques has led to a validated approach towards objective evaluation of various newer anti- aging products and procedures. Use of optical 3D skin imaging systems along with use of appropriate instrumental software has led to a standardized approach. [ 1] Products: Based on the newer aging theories, innovative anti- aging cosmeceuticals such as Sirtuin activating and anti- glycation products are being developed.[59] Novel topical drug delivery systems for anti- aging products; for example; pectin micro and nano capsules of retinyl palmitate and nano lipoidal forms of isotretinoin are being developed. [60,61]. Systemic and topical anti-oxidants are complexed with chitin nanocrystals and these have a positive influence on aging skin. [62]The interest and clinical research into the newer generation cosmeceuticals such as peptides, growth factors, cytokines and stem cells is continually increasing and controlled studies on the relevance of these emerging products are being performed. [47] Use of phytohormones and selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) for skin aging is still in the nascent phase. [63,64] Procedures: Various devices including microneedles, microdermabrasion, electroporation, ultrasound and radiofrequency are now being used as transdermal delivery systems for the anti- aging actives. Amongst the novel use of injectables in anti- aging, mesobotox has been used for facial rejuvenation, and PRP, dermal fibroblasts, adipose tissue derived stem cells and autologous venous transplants have been used for soft tissue augmentation. [65,66] Amongst the technology based devices, non-ablative fractional lasers and radiofrequency is being increasingly used for rejuvenation of the aging skin. Newer wavelengths are being developed; for example infrared laser at 1565nm and a new fractional 1940 nm laser consisting of thulium rod pumped by pulsed alexandrite laser.[67,68] The shift towards combination of technologies and home based devices is seen amongst the various technology based equipment for anti- aging. RF devices are being developed in combination with other technologies or dev ices such as microneedling, ultrasound, cryolipolysis, LEDs and lasers. Home based non ablative diode and radiofrequency devices are being investigated for their role in photorejuvenation. [ 69] To conclude, the process of aging begins early in life. Both the patient and the dermatologist need to accept the factors which cannot be treated, identify the factors which can be treated and adopt evidence based preventive and corrective modalities for management of the aging face. It is the duty and responsibility of a dermatologist to provide appropriate anti-aging measures based on the patients’ needs and at different decades of life. Skin aging is a continuous process and begins early in life. Cutaneous aging can be classified as intrinsic and extrinsic types; both of which have classical clinical and histological manifestations. Understanding the pathomechanisms and newer concepts of skin aging has helped in designing optimal anti-aging strategies. A detailed history taking, clinical examination and needs assessment helps to formulate an appropriate treatment schedule. During evaluation of an aging face, changes in the three major characteristics-colour, textural and shape should be assessed. An objective evaluation can be done by standardized documentation and use of various grading/ rating systems. The preventive aspects include avoiding exogenous factors such as smoking, stress and UV radiation along with adoption of correct lifestyle habits in the form of regular exercise and a balanced diet. The corrective aspects include use of appropriate anti- aging products and procedures based on the age and needs of t he patients. Anti- aging products include antioxidants, cell regulators (retinods, alpha hydroxyl acids, peptides, growth factors, cytokines, stem cells) and hormone replacement therapy. The procedural modalities of treatment include basic procedures (electrocautery, microdermabrasion and chemical peels), use of technology based devices (lasers, lights, radiofrequency) and injectables (botulinum toxin, fillers, fat transfer, PRP, microneedling and mesotherapy). Combination of procedural therapies is most effective. Management of an aging skin should be done on a long-term basis and should be tailor made based on the needs assessment of an individual.

Mass Extinction Essay -- K-T Extinction

ABSTRACT Several mass extinctions have occurred during the Earth’s history. The Cretaceous – Tertiary Boundary (K-T) Extinction caused the loss of at least three-quarters of all species known at that time including the dinosaurs. The cause of this mass extinction is a controversial subject among scientists but the fossil evidence of it’s occurrence is abundant. INTRODUCTION The K-T Extinction occurred 65 million years ago. Many species perished in that extinction. Today evidence for this extinction can be seen in the fossil record. Biological, botanical and geological evidence at the Cretaceous – Tertiary Boundary show that some enormous event occurred that caused mass extinction of life on the Earth. Controversy about the cause of the K-T extinction exists with two main theories currently being in favour. One theory is called Intrinsic Gradualism and believes the cause of the K-T Extinction was a slow and gradual Earth generated event, caused by intense volcanic activity and the effect of plate tectonics. The second theory is known as Extrinsic Catastrophism and proposes that the K-T Extinction was caused by a sudden and violent catastrophic event such as the Earth being struck by a meteor or asteroid. The K-T Extinction supports the concept of Punctuated Equilibrium in evolution because surviving species evolved and others were exterminated. Th is creates the stepladder effect of evolution seen in the fossil record . THE K-T EXTINCTION The Cretaceous period occurred between 144 and 65 million years ago. The K-T Extinction is an event that happened at the end of this period 65 million years ago. By the beginning of the Tertiary period eighty-five percent of all species disappeared, making it the second largest mass extinction event in geological history (â€Å"The End-Cretaceous (K-T) Extinction†, accessed 2000). Among the species that perished were the dinosaurs, pterosaurs, belemnoids, many species of plants, except ferns and seed-producing plants, ammonoids, marine reptiles and rudist bivalves. Severely affected organisms included planktic foraminifera, calcareous nannnoplankton, diatoms, dinoflagellates, brachiopods, mollusca, echinoids and fish. Mammals, birds, turtles, crocodiles, lizards, snakes and amphibians fared much better and were mostly unaffected by the End-Cretaceous mass extinction (â€Å"The End-cretaceous (K-T) Extinction†, accessed 2000... ...pdated 1995, accessed 3 Sept. 2000), Dino Buzz – What killed The Dinosaurs ? – Current Arguments, http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/diapsids/extinctheory.html Lowood, H. 1998 (updated 7 Sept 1999, accessed 30 June 2000), Stanford Presidential Lectures and Symposia in the Humanities and Arts, Stephen Jay Gould, http: //prelectur.stanford.edu/lecturers/gould/index.html Smith, P.L. 1997a (updated 1997, accessed 3 Sept. 2000), Biological Evidence, http://www.science.ubc.ca/~geol313/lecture/kt/biol/biol.htm Smith, P.L. 1997b (updated 1997, accessed 3 Sept. 2000), The Marine Realm, http://www.science.ubc.ca/~geol313/lecture/kt/biol/marine/marine.htm Smith, P.L. 1997c (updated 1997, accessed 3 Sept. 2000), The Terrestrial Realm, http://www.science.ubc.ca/~geol313/lecture/kt/biol/terres/terres.htm Smith, P.L. 1997d (updated 1997, accessed 3 Sept. 2000), Geological Evidence, http://www.science.ubc.ca/~geol313/lecture/kt/geol/geol.htm â€Å"Speculated Causes of the End-Cretaceous Extinction† (accessed 3 Sept. 2000), http://www.wf.carleton.ca/Museum/cretcause.htm â€Å"The End-Cretaceous (K-T) Extinction† (accessed 3 Sept. 2000), http://www.wf.carleton.ca/Museum/cretmass.htm

The Effect of Transformation of pGLO in Bacteria

Genetic transformation is a process that primarily is inserting new DNA into an organism to change that organism’s trait. This process has many useful benefits when used correctly in different organisms. In this lab, bacteria was transformed by inserting DNA for Green Fluorescent Proteins. The DNA for these proteins were taken from bioluminescent jellyfish Aequorea victoria. One of the main lessons of the lab is learning of the use of ‘plasmids’. Plasmids are small pieces of DNA that usually code for one trait and are easily transferable between bacteria.This transfer of plasmids between bacteria is actually extremely helpful for them and are key in their survival. The plasmid that codes for the Green Fluorescent Proteins is accompanied with a gene for resistance to the antibiotic ampicillin. To ‘switch on’ the gene for fluorescence caused by the proteins, sugar arabinose must be added to the bacteria’s environment. If there is no sugar arabino se introduced to the plates, then the bacteria will appear white and will not glow, even if the gene for the proteins is successfully inserted.If the gene was successfully inserted and there is sugar arabinose present then the bacteria will glow a fluorescent green. The objectives for this lab is was to see the effects on bacteria in four different cases. The first case is the effect on bacteria when the gene for pGLO is introduced with LB (a ‘broth’ like substance that bacteria feed off of) and ampacillin. The second case is the effect on bacteria when the gene for pGLO is introduced with LB, ampacillin, and sugar arabinose.The third case is the effect on bacteria when no gene for pGLO is introduced, but LB and ampacillin is still introduced, The fourth case is the effect on bacteria when no gene for pGLO is introduced, but bacteria is still placed in a LB enriched environment. The hypothesis for the first plate is that bacteria will grow, however it will not glow even though the pGLO gene is introduced because there is no arabinose to effectively activate the gene. The bacteria will still grow although the ampacillin (which normally kills bacteria) is present because the pGLO gene also acts as a resistant to antibiotics.The hypothesis for the second plate is that bacteria will grow and glow because the gene for pGLO is introduced with sugar arabinose to effectively turn it on. The bacteria will also not die although ampacillin is present because, alike to the first plate, the pGLO assists the bacteria in becoming resistant to antibiotics. The hypothesis for the third plate is that no bacteria will grow at all because it is an ampacillin enriched environment with no pGLO gene to help the bacteria become resistant to the antibiotic.The hypothesis for the fourth plate is that the bacteria will grow normally because although there is no pGLO gene introduced, there is also no antibiotic to prevent the bacteria from growing. (AP Biology Development Co mmittee, 2012) Data/Results: ? Figure 1. Recorded results from observing the transformed bacteria under light and in darkness After proper incubation time, we took the plates and viewed them with the lights on and then turned the lights off to see if any of the plates had colonies that glowed.As seen in Figure 1, the first plate produced some bacteria (one colony) and did not glow. The second plate produced a decent amount of bacteria (eight colonies) and ended up glowing. The third plate did not produce any bacteria at all leaving it impossible to see if anything glowed or not. The fourth plate produced the most amount of bacteria (ten colonies) and did not glow. Conclusion: All four of our hypotheses were correct after reviewing the results.The first plate, that consisted of bacteria with pGLO in an environment of LB and ampacillin, produced colonies however they did not glow due to the fact that there was nothing to turn on the pGLO gene. There needed to be arabinose in the envir onment for the gene to be expressed and since there was not there was no glow. The second plate, that consisted of bacteria with pGLO in an environment of LB, ampacillin, and arabinose, produced a fair amount of colonies that did end up glowing. The bacteria glowed because the pGLO was successfully inserted and transformed and had the arabinose to express the gene.The third plate, that consisted of bacteria without pGLO in an environment of LB and ampacillin, did not produce any bacteria. This outcome was due to the fact that ampacillin kills bacteria and there was no pGLO gene to help the bacteria become resistant to the antibiotic. The fourth plate, that consisted of bacteria without pGLO in an environment of just LB, produced the most amount of bacteria because although it did not have the pGLO gene to prevent antibiotics from killing the bacteria, there were no antibiotics to have to account for.It makes sense that the fourth plate produced the most bacteria because although in both plates one and two there was pGLO to prevent the ampacillin from killing the bacteria, not all of the bacteria were likely to go through transformation correctly and therefore not all of the bacteria had the pGLO ultimately resulting in the termination of a lot of potential bacteria colonies. (AP Biology Development Committee, 2012) The Effect of Transformation of pGLO in Bacteria Genetic transformation is a process that primarily is inserting new DNA into an organism to change that organism’s trait. This process has many useful benefits when used correctly in different organisms. In this lab, bacteria was transformed by inserting DNA for Green Fluorescent Proteins. The DNA for these proteins were taken from bioluminescent jellyfish Aequorea victoria. One of the main lessons of the lab is learning of the use of ‘plasmids’. Plasmids are small pieces of DNA that usually code for one trait and are easily transferable between bacteria.This transfer of plasmids between bacteria is actually extremely helpful for them and are key in their survival. The plasmid that codes for the Green Fluorescent Proteins is accompanied with a gene for resistance to the antibiotic ampicillin. To ‘switch on’ the gene for fluorescence caused by the proteins, sugar arabinose must be added to the bacteria’s environment. If there is no sugar arabino se introduced to the plates, then the bacteria will appear white and will not glow, even if the gene for the proteins is successfully inserted.If the gene was successfully inserted and there is sugar arabinose present then the bacteria will glow a fluorescent green. The objectives for this lab is was to see the effects on bacteria in four different cases. The first case is the effect on bacteria when the gene for pGLO is introduced with LB (a ‘broth’ like substance that bacteria feed off of) and ampacillin. The second case is the effect on bacteria when the gene for pGLO is introduced with LB, ampacillin, and sugar arabinose.The third case is the effect on bacteria when no gene for pGLO is introduced, but LB and ampacillin is still introduced, The fourth case is the effect on bacteria when no gene for pGLO is introduced, but bacteria is still placed in a LB enriched environment. The hypothesis for the first plate is that bacteria will grow, however it will not glow even though the pGLO gene is introduced because there is no arabinose to effectively activate the gene. The bacteria will still grow although the ampacillin (which normally kills bacteria) is present because the pGLO gene also acts as a resistant to antibiotics.The hypothesis for the second plate is that bacteria will grow and glow because the gene for pGLO is introduced with sugar arabinose to effectively turn it on. The bacteria will also not die although ampacillin is present because, alike to the first plate, the pGLO assists the bacteria in becoming resistant to antibiotics. The hypothesis for the third plate is that no bacteria will grow at all because it is an ampacillin enriched environment with no pGLO gene to help the bacteria become resistant to the antibiotic.The hypothesis for the fourth plate is that the bacteria will grow normally because although there is no pGLO gene introduced, there is also no antibiotic to prevent the bacteria from growing. (AP Biology Development Co mmittee, 2012) Data/Results: ? Figure 1. Recorded results from observing the transformed bacteria under light and in darkness After proper incubation time, we took the plates and viewed them with the lights on and then turned the lights off to see if any of the plates had colonies that glowed.As seen in Figure 1, the first plate produced some bacteria (one colony) and did not glow. The second plate produced a decent amount of bacteria (eight colonies) and ended up glowing. The third plate did not produce any bacteria at all leaving it impossible to see if anything glowed or not. The fourth plate produced the most amount of bacteria (ten colonies) and did not glow. Conclusion: All four of our hypotheses were correct after reviewing the results.The first plate, that consisted of bacteria with pGLO in an environment of LB and ampacillin, produced colonies however they did not glow due to the fact that there was nothing to turn on the pGLO gene. There needed to be arabinose in the envir onment for the gene to be expressed and since there was not there was no glow. The second plate, that consisted of bacteria with pGLO in an environment of LB, ampacillin, and arabinose, produced a fair amount of colonies that did end up glowing. The bacteria glowed because the pGLO was successfully inserted and transformed and had the arabinose to express the gene.The third plate, that consisted of bacteria without pGLO in an environment of LB and ampacillin, did not produce any bacteria. This outcome was due to the fact that ampacillin kills bacteria and there was no pGLO gene to help the bacteria become resistant to the antibiotic. The fourth plate, that consisted of bacteria without pGLO in an environment of just LB, produced the most amount of bacteria because although it did not have the pGLO gene to prevent antibiotics from killing the bacteria, there were no antibiotics to have to account for.It makes sense that the fourth plate produced the most bacteria because although in both plates one and two there was pGLO to prevent the ampacillin from killing the bacteria, not all of the bacteria were likely to go through transformation correctly and therefore not all of the bacteria had the pGLO ultimately resulting in the termination of a lot of potential bacteria colonies. (AP Biology Development Committee, 2012)

The eNotes Blog Uncovering the Real Richard III Why ItMatters

Uncovering the Real Richard III Why ItMatters Fellow Shakespeare nerds! Now is the winter of our discontent, made glorious summer by this finding of one twisted old skeleton at the bottom of a car park. Thats right, the long lost body of the last Plantagenet king, Richard III, is now found! For a while now, archaeologists determined to uncover Richard IIIs body, long since presumed to be lost to history or dissolved at the base of a river bed, have suspected a Leicester car park to house his remains. Unglamorous as it is for a royal burial site, the lot was built over the site of the old Grey Friars monastery in which some records report Richard was interred. Last September, all the drilling and digging away of 500 years worth of debris paid off, as the research team pulled from the earth the twisted skeleton of a man killed in combat. Despite the seemingly obvious evidence before themthat the 15th c. skeleton of a man with a deformed spine was found exactly where King Richards body was said to be buriedthe researchers held the bodys identity in question until only yesterday. On Monday, February 4th, a day that will forever go down in Corpsegate history, a press conference on the scale of a hot young pop stars perfume launch descended on the University of Leicester, and the Guardian was there to deliver it to the greedy public in real time. Because who doesnt want to receive minute by minute updates on a 500 year old, unidentified corpse? Nobody. Well, maybe Cambridge academic Mary Beard didnt: But whatevs. Finding Richards body can totally lay to rest the pesky rumors that have haunted his reputation since his fateful death at Bosworth Field in 1485. Richard III was embroiled in a bloody British civil war during the 1400s. This period was named the Wars of the Roses for the emblems of the two feuding royal familiesa white rose for the house of York (Richards), and a red rose for the house of Lancaster. York eventually lost the crown, and Richard of Gloucesters death in the Battle at Bosworth Field signified the end of a thirty year war. His defeat came at the hands of Henry Tudor, who was subsequently crowned Henry VIIfather of Henry VIII and grandfather of Elizabeth I. Enter the Renaissance and the Elizabethan golden age. Eager to impress his Tudor queen, Shakespeare wrote histories that painted the house of Lancaster in a favorable light. But no monarch presented quite as much opportunity for propagandizing as Richard of Gloucester; labeled for centuries as deformed, Richards image only worsened when Shakespeare penned him as the evil, scheming hunchback, the killer of two young princes, an incestuous savage. In actuality, Richards lopsided figure has been speculated before as resulting from his skills at archerythe thought being that one side became overdeveloped, causing a curvature of the spine. No word on the pathology of the skeletons  misshapen  back has been released, however, except to say that it was not caused by scoliosis. Still, the conflicting accounts reveal the murkiness surrounding Richard IIIs legacy. Because in fact, Gloucester made some rather liberal reforms in his time, the most prominent of which stand to this day: In December 1483, Richard instituted what later became known as the Court of Requests, a court to which poor people who could not afford legal representation could apply for their grievances to be heard. He also introduced bail in January 1484, to protect suspected felons from imprisonment before trial and to protect their property from seizure during that time. He founded the College of Arms in 1484, he banned restrictions on the printing and sale of books, and he ordered the translation of the written Laws and Statutes from the traditional French into English. And although most people already know that Shakespeares play was more fiction than history, the unfair image of an old, withered, and bitter king has been a hard one for poor Richard to shake. Now the recovery of his old, withered skeletal remains might not be much help with altering that, but if anything it puts a face, nay, skull to a tired myth. The skull that proves Richard was mercilessly treated by both his captors and history, as he was laid to rest beneath a whole lot of ugly European hatchbacks forever. For all the juicy updates from the University of Leicester press conference, check out that Guardian article here. And if youre suddenly starting to miss that heinously evil version of ol Dick, well weve got some dastardly  Richard III quotes to devour here.

Influence of marginal and absorption costing mething and their similarities Essays

Influence of marginal and absorption costing mething and their similarities Essays Influence of marginal and absorption costing mething and their similarities Essay Influence of marginal and absorption costing mething and their similarities Essay Influence OF MARGINAL A ; ABSORPTION COSTING Fringy cost is fundamentally a portion of variable cost, which includes the direct labor, Direct Material and Direct Expenses. Fringy cost should be defined as the accounting system where variable system should be charged to the cost of units and the fixed cost for the period of clip which is to the full aggregative part. Its particular value is in determination devising. Fringy cost = Variable cost + Variable Overhead The fringy cost is straight with the volume of production and fringy cost per unit is the same, which consist premier cost that is cost of direct labor, stuff and other variable operating expense. It will be incorporate the fixed cost. The fringy cost is the cost which has been incurred to bring forth an excess unit of production is called fringy cost. Example If an organisation has produce 1000 unit at cost of ? 20,000 Where as if the addition in 1 unit i.e. 1001 unit and cost would be ? 20200 Then MARGINAL COST would be ? 200. ADVANTAGES OF MARGINAL COST Fringy cost is fundamentally have an advantages of the cost control by and large facilitated to avoiding the fixed operating expense cost and concentrated on to the keeping the consistent of fringy cost utile to assorted degrees of direction. It is fundamentally help to understand to the variable cost and fixed costs. It besides shows the relationship between the cost, monetary value and their volumes. The fringy cost would be aid to the short term net income planning by the interruption even charts and net income graph, and aid to the direction determination. With the fringy cost company can acquire maximal return to the concern. The effects of the production and gross revenues policies are more clearly seen and understand with the fringy cost. Disadvantage There are certain disadvantages would be associated with the marginal costs which are as under. It is really hard to segregate to understand the all the cost which are fundamentally misdirecting the consequence. It should be ignored the fixed cost, which show different image at the clip. The job is that the over or under the overhead cost is apportioned on estimated footing and non on the existent. The clip factor is besides play an critical function where public presentation between two period will bring forth deceptive consequences. ABSORPTION Costing Absorption cost means the cost which includes all the fabrication costs which are absorbed by the unit of green goods. On the other manus, the cost of a finished unit in stock list will include direct stuff, labor and all the variable cost and fixed fabrication operating expense. Absorption costing is contrasted with variable costing or direct costing with the other fabrication operating expense. ADVANTAGES OF ABSORPTION COSTING In soaking up costing will traveling to include all the cost which are related to the concern activities like fixed cost, variable cost and production cost. This cost is besides used for the readying of the fiscal histories when the production of the company should be remains changeless but sale would be fluctuate. DISADVANTAGES OF ABSORPTION COSTING The disadvantages of the soaking up bing would be emphasised on the entire cost i.e. variable and fixed cost. It is non utile the direction for the devising determination about the planning and controlling. An illustration show that difference between fringy cost and soaking up cost. XYZ Ltd. is being started their operation in 2008. There is certain information available for May 2008 to July 2008 about the company s production. To cipher fringy and soaking up cost. Particulars ? Selling monetary values per Unit of measurements 100 Direct Labour Per Units 20 Direct Material per Unit 10 Fixed Factory Overhead Per Months 30000 Variable Factory Overhead per Unit of measurements 5 Fixed Selling Operating expenses 1000 Variable selling Overhead per Unit of measurements 4 Budgeted activities which was expected that 2000 units to be each month green goods and sold for each month were as follows MAY June July Unit of measurement SOLD 1000 800 1300 Unit of measurement PRODUCE 1000 1300 1000 MARGINAL COST Particular MAY June July Gross saless 100000 80000 1100000 Lupus erythematosuss: Variable Cost of Goods sold ( ? 35 ) 35000 28000 385500 PRODUCT CONTRIBUTION MARGIN 65000 52000 71500 Lupus erythematosuss: Variable Selling Operating expense 4000 3200 4400 Entire CONTRIBUTION MARGIN 61000 48800 67100 Lupus erythematosuss: Fixed mill Overhead 30000 30000 30000 Fixed Selling Operating expenses 1000 1000 1000 Net Net income 30000 32800 30100 Absorption Cost Particular MAY June July Gross saless 100000 80000 1100000 LESS: Cost of Goods sold ( ?65 ) 65000 52000 71500 A A 28000 38500 Attention deficit disorder: Absorption of mill operating expense 9000 -3000 GROSS Net income 35000 37000 35500 Lupus erythematosuss: Fixed Selling Operating expense 1000 1000 1000 Variable Selling Operating expense 4000 3200 4400 Net Net income 30000 32800 30100 MARGINAL COST Vs ABSORPTION COST After utilizing the two techniques we had seen that the net net income would non be same at every clip because of following ground. Over and Under Absorption overhead cost In soaking up costing, fixed operating expense can neer absorbed precisely because of trouble in calculating cost and volume of end product. If these balance of under or over captive because of costing net income and loss history, the existent sum incurred is non shown in it, whereas fringy costing is really fixed overhead incurred in entirely charged against part which will be some difference in net net incomes. Difference in Stock Valuation In fringy costing work in advancement and finished stock are valued at fringy cost but in soaking up cost it is calculated as production cost, and that is the ground net income will be different Many of clip soaking up cost and fringy cost consequence would be find as Absorption costing net income = Marginal costing net income Absorption costing net income gt ; Marginal costing net income Absorption costing net income lt ; Marginal costing net income

Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words - 1

Leadership - Essay Example It is importÐ °nt thÐ °t competing demÐ °nds Ð °nd Ð °pproÐ °ches not pÐ °rÐ °lyze mÐ °nÐ °gers but insteÐ °d provide cumulÐ °tive Ð °nd integrÐ °tive improvements to leÐ °dership effectiveness. In view of Ð °bove, current pÐ °per provides impiricÐ °l Ð °pproÐ °ch towÐ °rd the concpet of leÐ °dership. BÐ °sing on the book of ChÐ °rles MÐ °nz Ð °nd Henry Sims, The New SuperLeÐ °dership, where the principÐ °l of self-leÐ °dership is peoneered, present discussion covers theorieticÐ °l review Ð °nd prÐ °cticÐ °l implicÐ °tion of types of leÐ °dership. It is the Ð °im of this pÐ °per to present new content Ð °nd exÐ °mples designed to help leÐ °ders develop the kind of Ð °utonomous, quick-reÐ °cting workforce necessÐ °ry to thrive in these turbulent times. I first introduce the theory of leÐ °dership styles. Through the discussion of two types of leÐ °drship, I grÐ °duÐ °lly comme to the discussion of effective leÐ °dership techniques Ð °nd end up with personÐ °l model of leÐ °dership. Using the exÐ °mples of two leÐ °ders this pÐ °per is Ð ° greÐ °t reflection of efficient Ð °nd inefficient Ð °pproÐ °ch to leÐ °dership. DrÐ °wing on contemporÐ °ry exÐ °mples Ð °nd profiles, mÐ °ny from the high-tech Ð °nd informÐ °tion sectors, MÐ °nz Ð °nd Sims shÐ °tter the myth of the trÐ °ditionÐ °l, Ð °ggrÐ °ndized versions of "heroic" leÐ °dership. They show thÐ °t Ð ° leÐ °der truly becomes successful by turning followers into extrÐ °ordinÐ °ry self-leÐ °ders-pillÐ °rs of strength thÐ °t will support the orgÐ °nizÐ °tion Ð °t every level. They detÐ °il Ð ° series of Ð °ction-oriented steps through which the SuperLeÐ °der provides Ð °n opportunity for followers to express Ð °nd develop their own leÐ °dership skills-Ð °nd in the process become highly motivÐ °ted, dynÐ °mic contributors. Coercion, Ð °s Ð ° meÐ °ns of influencing the behÐ °vior of others, depends upon the expectÐ °tion of specified positive or negÐ °tive consequences. Coercive power requires thÐ °t the

Management in context Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Management in context - Essay Example The simulation game required framing the marketing, financial as well as human resource strategies for the organization or the new venture. The simulation game involved actual applicability of the business strategies that also involved financial implication for each of the decisions. The simulation game also involved running promotional activities including cost and benefit analysis. The game also showed financial results for each of the strategies that also included profit and loss figures indicating the implications of the strategies on the financial health of the company. The business selected was that of a billboard advertising agency. Part A Overview of Decisions & Outcomes of the Business Simulation The initial decisions in the simulation game involved a market research which formed the basis for forecasting demand and sales targets. The next stage involved initial book keeping activities as well as adoption of the marketing mix that included design of the product and other spe cifications. This phase also created the strategy with regards to the suppliers. Considering the initial phase and the overall costs of the activities the company suffered a net loss of 696 pounds in Feb 2011. In the nest month marketing and sales activities which included the design of a web page. These activities also led to a loss of 3097 pounds. Realising the importance of the market conditions the next step involved a detailed market analysis as well as training and development activities. Losses amounted to 1793 pounds in this month. The next stage was crucial as it involved setting up a limited liability firm to ensure further expansion. Nine out of the total orders were contracted as manpower seemed to be less as compared to the total task. The next significant step involved an overdraft facility as well as increasing the price of the product. This led to a net profit of 2502 pounds which represented an increased from 2106 pounds profit of the previous month. The nest stage involves increasing discounts on products, salary hike, price hike which resulted in an overall cumulative profit of 12569 pounds. The nest quarter focussed on business enhancement which mainly included participation in exhibitions, and increased focus on marketing especially the online channels. These activities again led to a loss of 3581 pounds which resulted in salary cuts and database management. The next significant phase included an overhaul of the distribution strategy as well as giving advertisements on television. The firm also entered into a strategic tie up with RAD. This coupled with contracting of orders and increasing the upscale selling activities led to a jump in the overall cumulative profit margins to 51799 pounds. The company’s strategies of dealing with the suppliers as well as promotional activities helped in generating good orders for the firm. This was significant as it was largely realised that long term sustainability required generation of large sca le profits for the organization. Part B Summary of Personal Capabilities to be successful in SimVenture SimVenture is a popular online business simulation game that helps an individual to test his/her entrepreneurial and decision making skills in real life situations. The game basically creates a situation in